初中被动语态讲解

中考英语被动语态完全手册 一、语态概述 英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 主动态和被动态指的是动词形式，是词法概念；而主动句和被动句则指的是句子结构，从而是句法概念。所谓主动句就是由主动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子，而被动句则是由被动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子。 例如：He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught 一般过去时：was／were＋taught 一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught 过去进行时：have／has been＋taught 现在完成时：have／has been＋taught 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如： Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。 (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如：the window was broken by Mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。 歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要； 动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如： All the people laughed at him. He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. The bikes are made 本回答被提问者采纳

TENSE 主动语态 被动语态一般现在时 be\V\Vs am\is\are+Vpp一般将来时 will+V will be +Vpp 现在进行时 am\is\are+Ving am\is\are+being+Vpp一般过去时 ①was\were②Ved was\were+Vpp一般完成时 have\has+Vpp have\has+been+Vpp过去完成时 had+Vpp had+been+Vpp过去进行时 was\were+Ving was\were+being+Vpp情态动词 can+V can+be+V 被动语态（一般现在时） 主动语态变被动语态时，主动语态句中的宾语变成被动语态句中的主语，主动语态句中的主语成为被动语态句中的动作的发出者。 被动语态的口诀： 一般现、过用be +V.过去分词，be有人称、时、数变。 完成时态have(has) done，被动将been加中间。 一般将来shall (will) do，被动变do为be done。 将来进行无被动，shall (will) be doing, 现在完成进行同，have (has) been doing。 现、过进行be doing, 被动be加being done。 情、助、有、是妥安排，一律随新主语变。 否定助后加not，疑问一助置主前。 主语恰是疑问词，直陈语序主在前。 一般情助加be done，双宾多将间宾变。 复合宾语宾变主，宾补、主补相应变。 1.一般现在时 is\am\are+P.P(过去分词) 2.一般过去时 was\were+P.P 3.一般将来时 will be+P.P 4.现在进行时 is\am\are+being(固定不变)+P.P 5.过去进行时 was\were+being(固定不变)+P.P 6.现在完成时 have\has been+P.P 7.过去完成时 had been+P.P 语法结构 1.if结构（非真实条件句——表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况） 与..事实相反 If从句 主句 过去 Had done Would* have done 现在 Were/did Would* do 将来 Should do/were/were to do Would* do "一干二听三让四看半帮助”要加to 例句：If there hadn’t been much rain in spring, we would have had a good harvest now. [过去] If he smoked less, his cough might be well soon. [现在] If the lecturer should be late, you would have to make a speech first. [将来] 备注 （1）上表中'*'，would都可转换为should、could、might。 （2) 如果为时间错综句的话，左右两栏可互相搭配，排列组合。 例句： He would still be alive today if he hadn’t taken that drug. [与现在事实相反] [与过去事实相反] (3) if可转换为其他形式 例句：Without your advice, our meeting wouldn’t have been so successfully. [过去] （=>可转换为：If there hadn’t been your advice, we …） Your notes are almost illegible (难以辨认的). Notes typed out would be a lot easier to read. [将来] (=> 可转换为：If the notes had been typed out, it would be a lot easier to read.) I should have gone to see Dr. Smith and he might have cured me of the disease.[过去] (=> 可转换为：If he have gone to see Dr. Smith, he ..) 2、wish结构 与..事实相反 过去 Had done 现在 Were/did 将来 Would 备注：可转换为其他形式。 例句：He talks as if (好像) he had done all the work himself. [过去] I wish I were a bird. I wish he handn' done that. I wish I would be rich in the future. 3、should结构 从句中用“should + 动词原形”构成。而且should可以省去。用于此结构的动词有：advise, direct, agree, ask, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, suggest,intend等。 例句：The teacher suggest he (should) read English aloud. 注意：当insist表示“坚持认为”、suggest表示“表明，显示”时，不用虚拟语气。 例句：The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied with what I had done for him. He insisted that he was honest. 4、would rather ＋从句 在这种结构中，从句的谓语动词用过去形式表示虚拟。 例句：I would rather you did this instead of me. 5、主语从句中的虚拟语气 1）It be + 形容词 + that ．．．（should）．．． 用于该句型的形容词是：necessary, good, important, right, wrong, better, natural, proper, funny, strange, surprising ． 一些名词也可以用于 在该结构中。如：a pity， no wonder．．．． 2）It be + 过去分词 + that ．．．（should）．．．． 用于该结构中的过去分词是表示“建议、请求、命令”等词的过去分词。如：desired， suggested， requested， ordered， proposed等。 3）It is time（about time， high time）that ．．．（过去式动词形式或should＋动词原形）．．．． It is high time I went home now. = It is high time I should go home now. 6、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气 在suggestion， proposal， order， plan， idea， advice， decision等需要有内涵的名词后面的表语从句、同 位语从句中，要使用虚拟语气。其谓语动词应用：should＋原形动词。另外连接从句的that不能省 略。 例：My suggestion is that we should go there at once. What do you think of his proposal that we should put on a play at the English evening? 第二句"be有人称、时、数变"即be有人称、时态和单、复数的变化。"情助"是指情态动词和助动词must，may，can，shall，will等一律随新主语(多是主动句中的宾语)来变化。"疑问一助置主前"是说有两个助动词的话，应把主语放在第一助动词之后或把第一助动词置于主语之前。下面详细举例说明之。 一般现、过用be done, be有人称、时、数变 例：1、主动：The children gave the foreign guests a warm welcome. 被动：The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the children. 孩子们热烈地欢迎外宾。 2、主动：People regard him as brilliant. 被动：He is regarded as brilliant by people. 人们认为他很有才华。 以上两例都是一般时态用be done的例子，be有人称、时、数变，第三人称foreign friends是复数，时态一般过去时，所以"be done"就是were given，而People regard him as brilliant一句，被动后的"be done"就变成单数第三人称is regarded的形式了。 被动： This speech was delivered by comrade Wang. (was delivered即一般过去时的被动态) 这篇讲演是王的发言。 There was a serious train accident near the border. Two people were killed and twelve were injured. 边境发生非常严重列车事故，两人死亡，十二人受伤。 A person who is truly honest is called a straight arrow. 直言不讳的人才是真正诚实的人。 A note was passed up to the speaker. 有人给讲演者递上来一张纸条。 John was elected president of the class instead of Harry. 乔治被选为班长而代替了亨利。 Volcanoes are described as active, dormant or extinct. 火山被描述为活的，沉睡着的，或者死的。 The soldier was killed, but the train was saved. 这位战士牺牲了，然而列车得救了。 He was thought to be clever but dishonest. 他被认为很聪明但不诚实。（别人认为他很聪明但不诚实） The first zoological garden in the United States was established in 1874. 美国的第一个动物园是1874年建立的。 The information is urgently needed. 急需这个资料。 完成时态have done，被动将been加中间。 (过去完成时had done也包括在内)。 例：1、主动：We have studied English for 3 years off and on at the spare-time school. 被动：English has been studied for 3 years by us off and on at the spare-time school. (have随新主语变为has) 我们已经在夜校里断断续续地学了三年英语了。 2、主动: They had produced 100 tractors by the end of last year. 被动: 100 tractors had been produced by the end of last year. 到去年年底我们已生产出一百台拖拉机。 3、主动：They have set up a power station in their home town. 被动：A power station has been set up in their home town. 他们的家乡建立了一座发电站。 4、主动：They have warned us to be careful of rats. 被动：We have been warned to be careful of rats. 他们已提醒我们要注意老鼠。 5、主动：People have piled plastic bags full of rubbish in streets. 被动: Plastic bags full of rubbish have been piled in streets. 人们把装满垃圾的塑料袋子堆放在街上。 6、主动：We have used nuclear energy to produce electricity. 被动：Nuclear energy has been used to produce electricity. 核能已用来发电。 7、主动：No one has ever beaten him at tennis. 被动：He has never been beaten at tennis. 就网球来说还没有人是他的对手。 (No one涉及到全否定和部分否定问题，见否定一讲) 主动: Somebody had cleaned my shoes. 被动: My shoes had been cleaned by somebody. 有人早已把我的鞋子擦了。 When I returned I found that they had towed (toud) my car away, I asked why they had done this and they told me that id was because I had parked it under a "No Parking Sign". 被动：my car had been towed away. I asked why this had been done and told that ... it had been parked under a "No Parking Sign". 当我回来时，发现我的车被弄走了。我问他们为什么这么干。他们告诉我说因为我把车于停在"禁止停车"的禁区。 主动：They had build three ships by last December. 被动： By last December three ships had been built by them. 到去年年底他们已建造了三艘船。 Research had been centred on the improvement of natural building materials before synthetics were created. 合成材料造出之前，研究工作集中在改进天然建筑材料上。 He did not say if all those steel pipes had been examined. 他并没有说那些钢管都检验过没有。 After plastic had been created, engineers were given a much wide choice of materials. 塑料发明之后，工程师们在材料选择上有了更广阔的途径。 一般将来shall (will) do，被动变do为be done 即由shall do或will do变为shall done或will be done。 例：主动: We shall build several big modern power plants in our city next year. 被动：Several big modern power plants will be built in our city next year. 过年我市将建立几座大型现代化的发电厂。 (shall do中的shall要随新主语变为will, do为be done.) 主动：I shall send my second boy to school next September. 被动：My second boy will be sent to school next September. 过年九月我将送我次子去读书。 主动：In order to fool people cheaps and swindlers will make such bricks out of lead covering the "lead brick" with gold. 被动：Such bricks will be made out of lead covering the "lead brick" with gold by cheaps and swindlers. "铅砖"外面被设法骗钱的商人和骗子们镀上一层金来做这样的"金砖"。 主动：They will ask you a lot of strange questions. 被动: You will be asked a lot of strange questions.他们将问你许多怪题。 被动句中的by引出的宾语，一般说来，如果是人称代词你、我、他等，均可省略，someone no one不由by来引出。如果是名词不能省略，但当今英语也都可省略了。 主动：The Chinese people will make more space explorations in the future. 被动：More space explorations will be made in the future by the Chinese people. 中国人民在将来将进行更多的空间探索。 同样 Will more gas be needed? 需要更多的煤气吗? 但如果是一般过去将来时如何处理呢？请记下面口诀： 一般过去将来时，过去某时将发生。 主动should (would) do，被动be done代原形。 将来进行无被动，现在完成进行同。 主动：A few days ago we were still not quite sure whether we should carry out the new plan ahead of time. 被动：...whether the new plan would be carriedout ahead of time. 几天前，我们还不能肯定能否提前执行新的计划。 主动：I did not say that we would change the equipment. 被动：I did not say that the equipment would be changed. 我并没说过，我们将换掉那台设备。 将来进行无被动，shall (will) be doing, 现在完成进行同．have (has) been doing, 即将来进行时表示动作在将来某一时刻或某个阶段正在进行'现在完成进行时表示某-行为发生在过去．延续到现在，可能还要延续下去。两种时态则不用被动语态。 例；We hope your comany will soon be sending an engineer over to check this equipment. (将来进行时) 我们希望贵公司早些派一名工程师来检查这台设备。 In a ffew minutes our passenger plane will be flying in the stratosphere. (将来进行时) 几分钟后我们的客机将在同温层中飞行。 现、过进行be doing，被动be加being done 即现在进行时或过去进行时都是be的人称、时和数的形式加doing。而被动态则是be加上being done的形式，being是不变的。现在进行时和过去进行时的被动态是被动态个的重点，容易搞错。 情、助、有、是妥安排，一律随新主语变。 带情态动词和助动词等的被动态如何处理比较复杂。要随新的主语来变化，这些词如can, could；will, would; shall, should; may, might; must; ought to; need需要；have to不得不；be going to; to be to; used to; seem to; happen to等。例如： 主动: We must keep this in mind. 被动：This must be kept in mind. 我们必须把这个记在心里。 主动：We can put the refrigerator in that place. (refrigerator=freezer.) 被动：The refrigerator can be put in that place. 我们可以把电冰箱放在那个地方。 主动：We shall not use the washing machine again. 被动：The washing machine will not be used again. 我们不能再用那台洗衣机了。 原来的谓语shall use被动态中随新主语变为will． 主动: We shall take more measures to prevent corrosion. 被动: More measures will be taken to prevent corrosion. (shall变will) 我们将采取更多的措施来防止腐蚀。 再如： 主动：We shall have to adopt a different attitude. 被动：A different attitude will have to be adopted. 我们将不得不采取另一种态度. 主动：You are to leave the bag here. 被动: The bag is to be left here. (are to随新主语变为is to) 你应把包裹放在这儿。 主动：They used to start these engines by hand. 被动：These engines used to be started by hand. 过去他们用手启动马达。 主动: We are going to paint the wall green. 被动：The all is going to be painted green. 我们打算把墙刷成绿色。 主动：You needn't type this letter. 被动：This letter need not be typed. (ought to, need是不变助动词) 你不必把这封信打字。 主动：You should have taken those books back to the library. 被动：Those books should have been taken back to the library. 你本该把这些书带回图书馆去。 主动：They may have left it in the sun. 被动：It may have been left in the sun. 他们可能已把它放在阳光下了。 may加不定式的完成体或完成进行体表示"可能"，主要用于肯定句，决不能用于疑问句。而can与不定式的完成体或完成进行体连用表示"可能"，只用于否定句和疑问句，不用于肯定句。但如果can或may的过去式即could与might与不定式完成体或完成进行体搭配时，可用于各种结构。肯，否，陈，疑均可。 It can't have been lost in the post, can it? 它不可能在邮局丢失的吧：(反意疑问句) 否定助后加not，疑问一助置主前 在否定句的被动态中，否定副词not-定加在第一助动词之后，不放在别的助动词之后。同样在疑问句的被动态中，第一助动词置于主语之前。 例：Why has(一助) not anything been(二助) done to end the strike? not必须放在第一助动词has之后，第-助动词has必须放在主语anything之前。决不可写成: why has fot been anything done to end the strike?或why has been not anything done to end the strike? 为什么不采取些措施来结束罢工呢? The exercises will not be done in class. 不可写成：The exercise will be not done in class. 我们将不在课堂上作练习。 Why had he been imprisoned? 他为何入狱的? 主语恰是疑问词，直陈语序主在前 凡主语恰好是一个疑问词或由疑问词来修饰主语时，后面要用陈述语序。 What measures(主语) are being taken to develop this new science? (主语为疑问词what所修饰) 正在采取什么措施来发展这门新科学? What kind of device(主语) is needed to make the control system simple? (主语为疑问词所修饰) 需要什么装置来使控制系统简化? what has been done to improve the techniques? 采取了什么措施来改进这些技术的? (what恰是句子的主语) 应指出的是有的学生把We study diligently和She could see herself clearly in the mirror.都硬行变成被动了, 殊不知不及物动词通常是没有被动态的。关于不及物动词．反身代词动词，同源宾语动词．系词．感官使役动词，短语动词的被动态。主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤： 1.把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语2.把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。3.原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它 的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。 4.其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。 不用被动语态的情况 参考资料： http://baike.baidu.com/view/135.htm?fr=ala0_1

英语有主动语态和被动语态。 被动语态的结构：be done( 一般现在时：am/is/are +过去分词； 一般过去时：was/were + 过去分词； 情态动词： must/can.. + be done 等）（ B ) 1. —Your school looks beautiful. —Yes. A lot of trees and flowers_________ last year. A. are planted B. were planted C. are planting D. have planted( D ) 2. The new computers ______ to the village school as presents last month. A. give B. gave C. are given D. were given

g690146559jxt二级|我的知道|手机知道|私信|百度首页新闻网页贴吧知道音乐图片视频地图百科文库经验百度知道 > 教育/科学 > 外语学习2人同问被动语态讲解一下哦！~~2011-10-22 22:56提问者： 匿名 |浏览次数：20597次满意回答2011-10-30 23:37被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught 一般过去时：was／were＋taught 一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught 过去进行时：have／has been＋taught 现在完成时：have／has been＋taught90|评论(7)求助知友Negro_hero |三级采纳率17%擅长领域：数学提问者对回答的评价：明白了，3Q( ⊙ o ⊙ )啊！相关内容2009-09-20这两句是被动语态吗？为什么？详解哦~ 12006-10-11是被动语态吗？请个位老大讲解一下！ 42007-03-07谁能透彻的讲解一下:被动语态是什么意思？ 62006-08-07被动语态的讲解 1802010-03-22初中被动语态讲解 623更多相关问题>>被动语态:讲解被动语态:用法被动语态:练习题被动语态:英语2010-01-10被动语态讲解试卷 632009-11-07被动语态讲解 10按默认排序|按时间排序 其他回答 共6条1 分钟前g690146559jxt| 二级被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught 一般过去时：was／were＋taught 一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught 过去进行时：have／has been＋taught 现在完成时：have／has been＋taught被动语态例句：1 The floor was swept. 地板打扫了。2 The letter was written by him. 这封信是他写的。3 The glass was broken by the boy. 杯子被那个男孩打破了。4 English is spoken by many people in the world.世界上许多人说英语。5 Knives are used for cutting things.刀用来切东西。6 English can be spoken by him.他会讲英语。7 The work has been done.这个工作做完了。8 Apple trees aren't planted in the south.苹果树不种在南方。9 This book mustn't be lent to the others.这本书不应该借给别人。10 Are they made in China?它们是中国制造的吗？11 Were they used for keeping warm?它们是用来保温的吗？12 What is the machine used for?这台机器用来做什么？13 It is used for making cakes.它是用来制造糕饼的。14 Where were the cars made?这些小汽车是哪里制造的？15 They were made in China.它们是中国制造的。16 The meeting was held last week.会议上周就开了。17 She must be taken to the hospital at once.应该马上把她送进医院。18 Teapots are used for drinking.茶壶是饮水用的。19 The students were given some advice by the teacher.由老师给了学生们一些建议。20 Some advice was given to the students.一些建议给了学生们。0|评论完善我的回答2012-03-03 10:48gaojxaiqi| 四级Be动词+及物动词过去分词=被动语态5|评论(4)收起2012-05-24 20:55热心网友被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught 一般过去时：was／were＋taught 一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught 过去进行时：have／has been＋taught 现在完成时：have／has been＋taught0|评论2012-05-03 21:00彼岸哀之殇| 二级was/were+being+taught0|评论(1)2012-05-01 22:25947855844l| 三级楼上不对。过去进行时应是was/were+being+taught.这样才对。4|评论(1)2012-03-15 17:11a116657| 三级被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught 一般过去时：was／were＋taught 一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught 过去进行时：had been＋taught 现在完成时：have／has been＋taught另外不能用于被动语态的情况 1）某些表示“静态”的及物动词（表示状态而不是动作，而且常常是不可用于进行时态的动词）如have，fit，suit，hold（容纳），cost， suffer，last（持续）等不能用于被动语态。如： They have a nice car．他们有一辆漂亮的汽车。 My shoes don't fit me．我的鞋不合适。 My brain can't hold so much information at one time．我的脑子一下子记不住这么多资料。 How much ／What does it cost？这值多少钱？ Our holiday lasts 10days．我们的假期有十天。 This food will last（them）（for）3days．这食物足够（他们）（吃）三天。 2）不是所有带介词的动词都能用于被动结构。若是构成成语动词通常有被动态，若不构成成语动词则无被动态。试比较： They arrived at a decision．?A decision was arrived at．他们作出了决定。 They arrived at the station．他们到达车站。（不说：The station was arrived at．） He looked into the question．?The question was looked into．他调查了这个问题。 3）动词leave（离开），enter（进入），join（参加）不可用于被动语态。如： The car left the road and hit a tree．车子离开了道路，撞上了树。 4）某些及物动词可作不及物动词用，特别是后加副词（如well， easily等）时。主动语态有被动含义，这类动词常见的有sell，write， wear，wash，cook，open，close，lock，read，record等。如： His new novel is selling well．他的新小说很畅销。The cloth washes well．这布很耐洗。 This material won't wear．这种材料不耐穿。His play won't act．他的戏剧不会上演。 The window won't shut．这窗关不上。The door won't open．这门打不开。 The door won't lock．这门锁不上。This poem reads well．这首诗读来很好。 5）feel，look，appear，sound，taste，smell等由实意动词演变而来的系动词，后接形容词作表语，不可用于被动语态。如： Tell me if you feel cold．你要是感到冷就告诉我。 You're looking very unhappy?what's the matter？你看来很不高兴???怎么回事儿？ The soup tastes wonderful．这汤味道好极了。 Those roses smell beautiful．那些玫瑰好闻极了。 She appears to be friendly．她看上去很友好。 6）宾语是不定式或动词的或-ing形式时，不可用于被动语态。如： Peter hoped to meet her．彼得希望遇见她。 Mr Smith enjoyed seeing his daughter．史密斯先生喜欢看他的女儿。 7）宾语是反身代词或相互代词时，不可用于被动语态。如： She can dress herself．她可以自己穿衣服。 We could hardly see each other in the fog．在雾中我们彼此几乎看不见。 8）宾语是同源宾语时，不可用于被动语态。如： They live a happy life．他们过着幸福的生活。 The girl dreamed a sweet dream ．那女孩做了个甜美的梦。 9）宾语带有与主语有照应关系的物主代词时，不可用于被动语态。如： The old man broke his（＝the old man's）legs．那老人把自己的腿弄断了。 The girl shook her（＝the girl's）head．那女孩摇了摇头。追问谢谢你，可是不能采纳了呀~~28|评论(4)等待您来回答2回答 10 5.2yy上的Y世界怎么不见了在哪找？？？1回答香满园的哪种粉比较好吃2回答丹香店的现烤烤的外观真美观，看着就想吃，不知道哪款比较好吃呢？0回答我播 播我世界 怎么进自己想进的房间?2回答世界OL这么刷金2回答东胜哪的吵虾尾好吃 0回答高安哪家蛋糕好吃，又便宜0回答 20 谁有世界LO号可以给我 换一批没有感兴趣的问题？试试更多等待您来回答的问题>>分享到：g690146559jxt 二级我的提问 我的回答 积分商城连续1天 补签卡加入知识达人培养计划答题或双倍经验值快速升级拿大奖这就去瞧瞧>>来百度推广外语学习帮助 | 反馈建议 | 投诉举报 | 百度知道免费代码©2012 Baidu 使用百度前必读 | 知道协议 | 百度知道开放平台来自知友的感谢3个新动态回顾我在知道的光辉历程查看详情

9种常用时态的被动语态 由“助动词be + 动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be 有时态、人称和数的变化。 (1) 一般现在时：am/is/are +过去分词。如： Rice is grown in south China. 华南种植水稻。 (2) 一般过去时：was/were+过去分词。如： The glass was broken yesterday. 这块玻璃是昨天打烂的。 (3) 现在进行时：am/is/are being +过去分词。如： The project is being carried out. 这个计划正在执行中。 (4) 过去进行时：was/were being +过去分词。如： This road was being built this time last year. 这条路去年这个时候还在修建。 (5) 一般将来时：will be +过去分词。如： The cars will be sent abroad by sea. 这些汽车将由水路运往国外。 (6) 过去将来时：would be +过去分词。如： The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. 经理说这个工程在年底前将会完成。 (7) 现在完成时：have/has been +过去分词。如： This novel has been translated into several languages. 这本小说已被译成了几种语言。 (8) 过去完在时：had been +过去分词。如： When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out. 我到达剧院时，发现票已卖完了。 （9）含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+done如: Your homework must be handed in today.

初三 Unit3标题：Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes （一）被动语态的构成1．被动语态的基本结构：be＋动词过去分词2．各种时态的主动被动语态结构(以动词do为例) 本回答由网友推荐

被动语态 1. 构成：主语 + be动词 + 动词过去分词 （+ by + 动作执行者）。应用到各时态和句型里的形式如下（用于不同时态的用法和注意事项请参照"语法结构"中的相关内容）： 1) 一般现在时：am/ is/ are done 2) 现在进行时：am/ is/ are being done 3) 现在完成时：have/ has been done 4) 现在完成进行时：have/ has been being done 5) 一般将来时：will be done 以应该用将来时的被动语态。 6) 将来进行时：will be being done 7) 将来完成时：will have been done 18) 不定式的被动语态：to be done 本回答由网友推荐

被动语态定义　 　英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。　　主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。　　例如：Many people speak Chinese.　　谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。　　被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Chinese is spoken by many people. 中文Chinese是动词speak的承受者。　　1. 定义：被动语态，即不知道动作执行者或强调动作承受者的一种语态。例如中文常说：我被他打，这就是一种被动。但有时由于句子结构上的需要也要用被动，例如It is not unusual for workers in that region to be paid more than a month it 在句中作形式主语。而不定式to be paid more than a month是句子的逻辑主语。结合选项全句的意思是：“那个地方的工人一个多月后才得到工资是常有的事”。　　2. 构成：be+past participle(过去分词)(简称P.P.)（+by+动作执行者）（过去分词的概念见上课）　　3. 当主动语态要被改成被动的时候，我们把原句的宾语提前，作为改句的主语，主语后置，作为宾语。因此有一点要注意，不及物动词由于不加宾语，没有被动形式，但不及物动词如果与某些介词构成介词短语，可以用被动。例如The fire had been put out before the fireman arrived. Put是不及物动词，但put out是及物动词　　4. 应用到各种时态和句型,如下：　　① 一般式（一般现在，一般过去，一般将来）：am, is, are, was, were, is going to be , will be+done.ie. Once environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the system to recover. 本句的意思是：“环境一旦遭到破坏，需要多年时间才能恢复过来。”do作为及物动词有“引起，产生”的含义，do damage的意思是“造成破坏”。主语damage是及物动词do的动作对象，谓语应当用被动语态。同样的，还有，I will mend the machine.相当于The machine will be mended （by me）.　　②进行时（现在进行、过去进行、将来进行）：be+being+P.P. ie.The classroom is being cleaned.　　③ 完成时（现在完成、过去完成、将来完成）：have/has been + P.P.：例如The machine will have been repaired by 3 o’clock this afternoon.再如：My homework has been finished.　　④ 其他时态 以此类推，可得到结果。　　⑤ 情态动词的被动语态：主语 + 情态动词 + be动词 + 动词过去分词，例如Your teeth must be brushed.　　⑥ 不定式的被动语态：to be done例：The no-shows have to be considered when deciding the rate of overbooking.（确定超过接待能力的预定时必须考虑预定了房间却来不了的客人。） 主动语态变为被动的几个特殊情况　 　① 有些动词在主动结构中，后面接不带to的不定式，但如果改为被动，则需把省略的to加上，这类动词有 [let, make, have,help]和感官动词[feel,see,hear,watch,look at,listen to]，如：The boss made my grandfather work 10hours a day.改成My grandfather was made to work for 10 hours a day.　　② 含有宾语从句的主动结构变为被动，通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语，从句放在句子后面/也可采用另一种形式，这类动词有：know, say, believe, find, think, report等　　③ 是所有的主动句都可以变换成被动句，更不是所有的被动句都可以自由变换成主动句。虽然语法原则上允许主动和被动句的互相转换，但有的句子转换后会变成不通顺或不地道的英语句子。因此，在某些题目里，这也成为判断应该用主动还是用被动的依据。　　例：At 5:05 p.m. on Saturday 19th July , there was an accident at the junction of the Main Street and Panda Road when a boy was knocked down off his bicycle by a delivery van. The boy was sent to St. Maria Hospital where he was treated for shock and a broken arm.　　在这段文章里，a boy was knocked down off his bicycle by a delivery van这句被动句强调出读到文章的人最关心的事故的受害者。The boy was sent to St. Maria Hospital这句话则说明了孩子被送到医院的事实，至于是由谁（某个过路人？或肇事司机？）送的不重要。he was treated for shock and a broken arm这句被动句无须说出treat这个动作的发出者，因为在医院，伤病员自然由医务人员处理，无须罗嗦。这样，这段文章就重点突出，条理清楚了。　　④ 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。多是把间接宾语变为主语。这样句子自然些。直接宾语变为主语时，间接宾语要变为某个介词的宾语，介词to可以省略。如His father left him this house.改为This house was left (to) him by his father.　　⑤ 有些动词虽为及物，但宾语并非是动作承受者，不能转换，这些动词有have, hold（容纳）,suit, fit, lack, become（适合）contain, cost, last, mean, suffice（足够）等。　　⑥ 当直接宾语为反身代词、相互代词或宾语前有指代主语的物主代词时不用被动，如I shook my head.我摇摇头。　　⑦ 当宾语为同源宾语（与主句指同一人），动名词，动词不定式或一个从句时不用被动。如John enjoyed seeing the fil,.　　⑧ 在一些固定说法中，有些名词和动词结合的固定说法，不能改We Chinese always keep our word.　　⑨ 某些从不及物动词转化来的及物动词，直接宾语在表示动作的方式或效果时，这些动词在意思上起状语的作用，没有被动The girl kissed her boyfriend good night=The girl said good night to her boyfriend by kissing him.(这个女孩说了晚安并且亲了他的男朋友）　　⑩ 表地点\处所\组织\长度\大小\数量\程度\抽象名词的词做宾语时不用被动.　　

一般现在时：am\is\are+过去分词。 现在进行时：be动词+being+过去分词。 现在完成时：have\has+been+过去分词。 一般过去时：was\were+过去分词。 还有就是情态动词加上be+过去分词。 还有许多。我暂时不列举了。反正就是遵循一个原则：be动词+过去分词。

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be动词加过去分词

第一类:be(“是/存在”)动词的各种时态结构： 一 般 现 在 时 I am…. You are.… He/She/It is…. We/You/They are…. 一 般 将 来 时 (1)(I等各人称) will be…. (2)I am going to be… He/She/It is going to be… We/You/They are going to be… 现 在 完 成 时 I have been…. You have been…. She/he/It has been…. We/You/They have been…. 一 般 过 去 时 I was…. You were.… He/She/It was…. We/You/They were…. 过 去 将 来 时 (1)(I等各人称) would be…. (2)I was going to be… He/She/It was going to be… We/You/They were going to be… 过 去 完 成 时 I had been…. You had been…. She/he/It had been…. We/You/They had been…. 第二类:行为动词的各种时态结构: 一 般 现 在 时 动词用原形(单三人称动词加s / es) (问句和否定句借用助词do / does) 一 般 过 去 时 动词用过去式 (问句和否定句借用助词did) 现 在 进 行 时 am +动词-ing is +动词-ing are +动词-ing 过 去 进 行 时 was +动词-ing were +动词-ing 一 般 将 来 时 (1)will + 动词原形 (2)am +going to+动词原形 Is +going to+动词原形 are +going to+动词原形 过 去 将 来 时 (1)would + 动词原形 (2)was +going to+动词原形 were +going to+动词原形 现 在 完 成 时 have +过去分词 has +过去分词 过 去 完 成 时 had +过去分词

被动语态是有关动词的语法范畴，它用于被动结构的句子中，表示主语是动作的承受者 1）被动语态的构成形式：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词（助动词的be要随主语的人称和数作相应的变化，并且有不同的时态形式。 English is taught in this elementary school. All the tickets were sold out. The decision will be announced 2)如果句子的谓语是个动词词组或者动词短语，在变成被动语态的时候，整个动词短语或者动词词组要被当做一个单个的及物动词来处理 the film has been much talked the plan was given up what he said should not be laughed at 3)一个句子如果有主动语态变为被动语态，原来的句子中的主语也就是动作的执行者，在被动语态的机子重要用介词“by”引出 jack is putting up a picture on the wall / a picture is being put up on the wall by jack 4)一般来说，在被动语态句中由“介词by+动作的执行者”的介词短语通常可以省略，尤其是在动作执行者难以或者不需要明确指出的时候。因为在被动语态句中主要强调的是动作的承受者，而动作的执行者已经被降到了次要的地位。但是如果动作的执行者在主动语态的句子中仍然是受强调的成分，那么变为被动语态的时候，这个动作的执行者仍然要保留。 Shakespeare wrote Hamlet / Hamlet was wrote by Shakespeare被动语态中的情态动词： this word can also be used as a verb this must be done at once the question is going to be discussed soo被动语态的否定式与疑问式： the poem wasn't written in 1931 this sentence can't be analyzed this way when was the place built? has anything been done about it?

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初三开始学 被动语态的句子是以《be动词+过去分词》的形式来表达，如果要特别强调动作或行为的执行者时，句子后面需接by～，译为“被（由）……”。 1 被动语态的句型 肯定句：主语+be +过去分词+（by～）. 否定句：主语+be not +过去分词+（by～）. 一般疑问句：Be +主语+过去分词+（by～）？ 特殊疑问句：疑问词+be +主语+过去分词+（by～）？ 被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的，be是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be动词后面的过去分词不变。 一、 被动语态的用法： 1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词 Our classroom is cleaned everyday. I am asked to study hard. Knives are used for cutting things. 2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 A new shop was built last year. Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 A new hospital will be built in our city. Many more trees will be planted next year. 4. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→ My bike is being repaired by Tom now. They are planting trees over there. → Trees are being planted over there by them. 5. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词 This book has been translated into many languages. Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 6.过去进行时的被动语态构成：was/were + being + 及物动词的过去分词 The boy was being operated on when his parents hurried to the hospital. The new road was being made. 7.过去完成时的被动语态构成：had + been + 及物动词的过去分词 The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came. The tickets had been sold out berore I came to the cinema. 8.将来完成时的被动语态构成：shall/will + have done They will have been married for 20 years by then. The project will have been completed before May. 9.含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 Young trees must be watered often. Your mistakes should be corrected right now. The door may be locked inside. Your homework can be handed in tomorrow. 二、 怎样把主动语态改成被动语态? 把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单，可以遵循以下几个步骤： 1. 先找出谓语动词； 2. 再找出谓语动词后的宾语； 3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语； 4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化。 例：1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week. 2. Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.→The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning. 3. He has written two novels so far.→Two novels have been written by him so far. 4. They will plant ten trees tomorrow.→Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow. 5. Lucy is writing a letter now.→A letter is being written by Lucy now. 6. You must lock the door when you leave.→the door must be locked when you leave. 三、 使用被动语态应注意的几个问题： 1. 不及物动词无被动语态。 What will happen in 100 years. The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. 2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。 This pen writes well. This new book sells well. 3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上to 。 例：make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss. 4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语(物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。 He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him. He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him. My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father. 5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。 We can’t laugh at him. →He can’t be laugh at by us. He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day. The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse. 本回答由提问者推荐

八年级上册第九单元，讲到关于出生时间的内容时，就用到被动语态。

初三上学期