求定语从句讲解及练习

一、基本概念（一） 定语从句在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。（二） 先行词被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。（三）关系代词和关系副词定语从句的引导词。与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词有：who, whom, which, that和whose, 另外，as也可充当关系代词。关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。关系副词有：when, where和why。在定语从句中充当状语。二、关系代词的用法（一）基本用法根据先行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。如下表：关系词 先行词 从句成分 例句 备注关系代词 who 人 主语，宾语 Do you know the man who is talking with your mother? whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that whom 人 宾语 Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am workingThe boy (whom) she loved died in the war. whose 人，物 定语 I like those books whose topics are about history.The boy whose father works abroad is my classmate. that 人，物 主语，宾语 A plane is a machine that

一、基本概念（一） 定语从句在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。（二） 先行词被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。（三）关系代词和关系副词定语从句的引导词。与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词有：who, whom, which, that和whose, 另外，as也可充当关系代词。关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。关系副词有：when, where和why。在定语从句中充当状语。二、关系代词的用法（一）基本用法根据先行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。如下表：关系词 先行词 从句成分 例句 备注关系代词 who 人 主语，宾语 Do you know the man who is talking with your mother? whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that whom 人 宾语 Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am workingThe boy (whom) she loved died in the war. whose 人，物 定语 I like those books whose topics are about history.The boy whose father works abroad is my classmate. that 人，物 主语，宾语 A plane is a machine that can fly.She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much. which 物 主语，宾语 The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.The picture which was about the accident was terrible. as 人，物 主语，宾语 He is such a person as is respected by all of us.This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. as做宾语一般不省略例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）① Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? （作主语）② I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published. （作主语）③ The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. （作宾语）④ This is the new secretary (who/whom/that) I would like to introduce to you. （作宾语）⑤ The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. （作定语）注意：关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。（见上例③④）（二）关系代词that代替which的一些情况which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。但在有些情况下，只用 that。⑴ 先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。例如：① This is the best that has been used against pollution.② English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years.⑵ 先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。例如：① This is the last place (that) I want to visit.② It is the first American movie of this kind that I’ve ever seen.⑶ 先行词是 all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等代词时。例如：① You should hand in all that you have.② We haven’t got much that we can offer you.⑷ 先行词前面有the only, the very, any, few, little, no, all, much, every等修饰时。例如：① The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.② The little money (that) he had was stolen.（三）宜用who, 而不用that的一些情况⑴ 先行词是one, ones, anyone时。例如：① One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth.② Don’t tell anyone about the news who oughtn’t to know it.⑵先行词是those时。例如：① Those who were not fit for their work could not see the beautiful clothes made of the magic cloth.（四）其它情况⑴ 先行词既有人又有物时。例如：① Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?② The bike and its rider that had run over an old man were taken to the police station.⑵ 主句已有疑问词who 或which时。例如：① Which is the bike that you lost?② Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?（五）与whose有关的问题⑴ whose是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。例如：① I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.② Please show me the book whose cover is red.⑵ 当whose表示物与物的所有格关系时，亦可用of which的形式。例如：① The building whose roof you can see from here is a new restaurant.→ The building, the roof of which you can see from here, is a new restaurant.或→ The building, of which the roof you can see from here is a new restaurant.三、介词前提的问题关系代词在定语从句中充当介词宾语时，介词可以前提至关系代词前。例如：Have you seen the pen (which) I wrote the note with just now? （which作介词with的宾语）→Have you seen the pen with which I wrote the note just now? 但是，要注意的是：⑴ 介词前提后，先行词是人或物，关系代词分别只能用whom和which，而不再用that或who。⑵ 介词前提后，关系代词不再能省略。⑶ 有些含有介词的短语动词中的介词不能前提，如：look for, look after, take care of等。例如：① 错误：Who is the old man to that you were talking to?正确：Who is the old man to whom you were talking ? 或 Who is the old man (that/ whom) you were talking to?② 错误：These are the sheep of which the boy took care.正确：These are the sheep (which/that) the boy took care of.四、关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句中的主谓一致关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词在人称和数上应与先行词一致。例如：① Who is the guy that is reading over there?② The number of people that are going to the exhibition is expected to be over 25,000.③ All that needs to be done has been done.④ He is one of the students who use computer a lot for study.⑤ Timmy is the only one of the pupils that has failed the exam.例③中的all意为“一切”，作单数。例⑤中没通过考试的学生事实上只有一人，因此谓语动词也用单数。that与which, who, whom的用法区别：情况 用法说明 例句只用that的情况 1． 先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代词时。2． 先行词被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修饰时3． 先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时4． 先行词既指人又指物时5． 先行词被the only, the very修饰时6． 句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时 1. He told me everything that he knows.2. All the books that you offered have been given out.3. This is the best film that I have ever read.4. We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.5. He is the only man that I want to see.6. Who is the man that is making a speech?只用which, who, whom的情况 1． 在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人2． 在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。3． 先行词本身是that时，关系词用which, 先行词为those, one, he时多用who。 1. He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study.2. I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.3. Those who respect others are usually respected by others.二、语法知识拓展（一）选择适当的关系代词that, which, who, whom或whose，把下列句子补充完整。1. Rice is a plant ________ is grown in the south.2. Those ________ want to go please sign their names here.3. All ________ glitters is not gold.4. This is the only way leads to your success.5. Both the girl and her dog were crossing the street were hit by a coming car.6. This is the biggest building ________we have ever built in our school.7. This is the second school ________ I used to work at, and many students there still have contact with me.8. There is a mountain ________ top is always covered with snow.9. You can take any seat ________ is free.10. Could you tell me from _________ you borrowed this book?（二）用定语从句合并下列句子1. The lady is a film star. You took a photo of the lady yesterday._______________________________________________________________________2. What’s the address of the factory? We noticed the advertisement of the factory the other day.________________________________________________________________________3. This is the stadium He often goes to the stadium on Sundays. ________________________________________________________________________4. A professor is going to give us a speech this Friday afternoon. He has been working on environmental protection. ________________________________________________________________________5. He hasn’t got enough money. He can buy a laptop with the money. ________________________________________________________________________（三）单项填空1. Who is the woman is sweeping the floor over there?A. who B. / C. that D. when 2. The doctor is leaving for Africa next month.A. the nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse is talking C. the nurse is talking to D. who the nurse is talking 3. He talked about a hero no one had ever heard. A. of whom B. from whom C. about that D. who4. Have you read the book I lent to you? A. that B. whom C. when D. whose5. American women usually identify their best friend as someone ______ they can talk frequently.A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom6. Recently I bought a second-hand car was very low.A. which price B. the price of whose C. its price D. whose price7. Lily, is Helen ______ you want to introduce me to?A. that B. who C. whom D. the girl8. The professors talked with us about the beautiful schools and the experienced teachers ______ they had seen.A. that B. who C. which D. what9. This is the only bus ______ goes to the village school.A. / B. that C. where D. it10. Is there a shop around _______sells China Daily?A. who B. where C. in which D. which11. She was the only one of the girls in our class _______ accepted as candidate for the president of our Students’ Union.A. who was B. who were C. who has been D. who have been12. She is no longer the sweet little girl ______ she used to be. A. what B. who C. when D. that13. Is this singer ______ songs you like best?A. who’s B. whose C. which D the one whose14. He got angry with _____ was against his opinion.A. who B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who15. Anyone _____with what I said may raise your hand.A. which agrees B. who agree C. who agrees D. which agree16. That’s the dog ______.A. we’ve been looking after B. after which we’ve been lookingC. what we’ve been looking after D. we’ve been taking care for17. This is the last time ______ I’ll give you a lesson.A. when B. that C. what D. as18. The family _____ I stayed with in Paris are coming to London.A. whose B. which C. what D. whom19. This is the very knife ______ I used to cut apples yesterday.A. that B. by which C. which D. with which20. China has many rivers, _____ the Yangtze River is the longest..A. which B. in which C. among which D. one of which21. The use they are ______ the waste helps to save a lot of money.A. made of B. made from C. making up of D. making of22. That tree, the branches ______ are almost bare, is a very old one.A. whose B. in which C. of which D. of it23. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ______ she could turn for help. A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom24. What is the way Smith thought of ______ enough money to buy the new house?A. getting B. having got C. being got D. to get25. Jack spent as much time as he could ______ over his lessons.A. going B. went C. go D. to go 26. The freezing point is the temperature ______ water changes into ice. A. at which B. on that C. when D. of which27. I am impressed by the fact that he makes good use of every minute _____ he can spare. A. that B. in which C. in that D. when28. This is the last time ______ I will write to you. A. when B. that C. what D. as29. I don’t like the way ______ he spoke to me. A. what B. by which C. by that D. /30. The train ______ he was traveling was delayed for more than an hour. A. by which B. on which C. for which D. on that参考答案（一）选择适当的关系代词that, which, who, whom或whose，把下列句子补充完整。1. that/which 2. who 3. that 4. that 5. that 6. (that) 7. (that) 8. whose 9. that 10. whom（二）用定语从句合并下列句子1. The lady (that/who/whom) you took a photo of yesterday is a film star.2. What’s the address of the factory whose advertisement we noticed the other day?3. This is the stadium he often goes to on Sundays.4. A professor who/that has been working on environmental protection is going to give us a speech this Friday afternoon.5. He hasn’t got enough money with which he can buy a laptop.（三）单项填空1-5 CCAAD 6-10 DDABD 11-15 ADBCC 16-20 ABDAC 21-25 DCDDA 26-30 AABDB

高中定语从句详细讲解（一）定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father是定语从句，修饰先行词the man， “who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 注意：关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3．Which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。The house which is by the lake looks nice. 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。4．That指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？The person that /whom you introduced to me is very kind. 你介绍给我的那个人很友好。The season that / which comes after spring is summer. 春天以后的季节是夏季。Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia. 昨天我收到了一封来自澳大利亚的信。5．Whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow? 本回答由网友推荐

可以买资料啊，我们以前用的是“各个击破”，高中重点的语法都有，也有练习，不过练习都是选择题。

去百度文档下载啊 好多啊

去百度文库里面搜啊。

哪里能下载定语从句语法全解啊

定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下： Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。3）which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。1）when, where, why 关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如： There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？2）that代替关系副词 that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如： His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you. 判断改错（注：先显示题，再显示答案，横线；用不同的颜色表示出。） （错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year. （对） I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 本回答由提问者推荐

讲解：一、详细的定语从句讲解 定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。状语从句分为时间状语从句，结果状语从句，让步状语从句，原因状语从句，条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句。名词从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句及there be句型。 一、 限定性定语从句1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句6. when引导定语从句表示时间〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导二、非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分2. 在引导限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at whichAttitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. 人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变，这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。I like the music for the very reason that(for which) he dislike it. 我出于某种原因喜欢这种音乐，而他恰恰与我相反。We arrived the day that(on which) they left. 刚好我们到的那天他们走了。3. 有时as也可用作关系代词4. 在非限定性定语从句中，不能用that，而用who, whom代表人，用which代表事物三、定语从句结构错误1. 缺关系词2. 从句中缺成分摘自《简明英语语法》在英文中，有两种定语从句：限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句。这两种定语从句在其功能和形式方面都有明显的区别： 限定性定语从句限定性定语从句与主句的关系很紧奏，对其先行词起限定、修饰的作用。如果将其去掉，会影响句子意思的完整性；有时甚至于引起费解、误解。例如： Rainforests are being cleared for valuable timber and other resources to speed up the economic growth of the nationsin which they are located . 为了加速他们各自所在国家的经济发展，热带雨林作为有价值的原木和其他资源正为人们所砍伐。 Ocean currents affect the climates of the lands near which they flow. 洋流影响其流经的附近地区的气候。 They explained the reason to us why they had hated us before. 他们向我们解释为什么他们不喜欢我们的原因。 练习：用适当的关系词填空：1. I still remember the night _______I first came to the house.2. I'll never forget the day________ we met each other last week.3. Mr Black is going to Beijing in October, _______is the best season there.4. I will never forget the days _______I spent with your family.5. I'll never forget the last day______ we spent together.6. This is the school ______I used to study. 7. Do you still remember the place______ we visited last week?8. Do you still remember the place_______ we visited the painting exhibition?9. Have you ever been to Hangzhou,_____is famous for the West Lake?10. Have you ever bee to Hangzhou, ______lies the West Lake?11. Tom will go to Shanghai,______live his two brothers.12. I live in Beijing,____is the capital of China.13. There was a time ______there were slaves in the USA.14. It is the third time ______you have made the same mistake.15. It was in the street _____I met John yesterday.16. It was about 600 years ago____the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.17. The moment _____I saw you, I recognized(认出)you.18. This is the very novel about____we've talked so much.19. This is the way____he did it.20. Who is the student _____was late for school today?21. Who _____knows him wants to make friends with him?22. What else was there in my brother____you didn't like?23. He lives in the room____window faces to the south.24. He lives in the room, the window_____faces to the south.25. This is Mr. John for____son I brought a book yesterday. 练习答案：1. when 2. when 3. which 4. that/which 5. that　6. where 7. that/which 8. where 9. which 10. where 　11. where 12. which 13. when 14. that 15. that 　16. that 17. (that) 18. which 19. (that/in which) 20.that21.that 22 that 23.whose 24. of which 25. whose

关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句

请看下面，点击放大：供参考，不一定全对。 本回答由网友推荐

which,as,which,which,as,which,as,as 更多追问追答 追问 有用？你瞎几把回答，我又不玩知道 什么意思，一共8个空你第一条就回答全了是吧 追答 已举报语言侮辱 追问 傻逼死妈东西 从Beijing government 开始的？ 我不懂你什么意思…… 追答 哦，那个which 走开啦,大学生表示不想理你

定语从句定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语等来充当，也可以由一个句子来充当。充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。定语从句用来修饰名词、代词或整个主句。e.g.Tom is a hardworking student who always gets first in his class.汤姆是一个用功的学生，他在班里总是第一名。(修饰名词student。)Football is played over 80 countries, which makes it popular.80多个国家都在踢足球，因此足球很流行。(修饰整个主句Football is played over 80 countries。)1．先行词与关系词（1）什么是先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。可以这样理解，之所以称它为先行词，是因为先行词总是出现在定语从句之前，而不同于普通形容词修饰名词，形容词常位于名词之前。e.g.Don’t forget the book that I told you to bring.别忘了我让你带的书。(the book为先行词。)（2）先行词与关系词的关系：引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。关系词根据其在定语从句中的功能可分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等，关系副词在定语从句中作状语。特别提示：①关系词一般紧跟在先行词之后引导定语从句。定语从句总在被修饰的先行词后面。②在定语从句中，关系代词起着代词和连词的作用，关系副词起着副词和连词的作用。③在定语从句中，关系词代替先行词，因此在定语从句中不能再重复作用相当于先行词的词。下面的句子是错误的：This is the right book that you are looking for the book.(应去掉the book。)This is the right book that you are looking for it.(应去掉it。)关系词的种类①常见的关系代词指代对象 代指人 代指物 既可指人也可指物主格 who, that which, that, as that宾格 whom, that 所有格 whose whosee.g.Our chemistry teacher is a man who/ that can make his class lovely and interesting.我们的化学老师可以使他的课堂生动有趣。(主格who/ that在定语从句中作主语，代指人a man。)Mr. White invited many friends to his party whom/who/that he respected much.怀特先生邀请了很多他十分尊敬的朋友来参加他的宴会。(宾格whom/ who/ that在定语从句中作respected的宾格，代指many friends。)②常见的关系副词指代对象 先行词 关系副词及相应介词结构时间 时间先行词：day, year, date, time when, during which time地点 地点先行词：the place, the city, Beijing where, in which, from which原因 原因先行词：the reason why, that, for whiche.g.Make marks in places where you have questions.在你有问题的地方做出标记。(where为关系副词，在定语从句中作地点状语。)I still remember the time when we first met scores of years ago.我依然记得几十年前我们第一次见面的情景。(when为关系副词，在定语从句中作时间状语。)特点提示：选择关系代词三步骤：步骤一：首先找出先行词。e.g.The book that/ which you just laid on the top shelf is mine.你刚才放在高层书架上的书是我的。(the book是先行词，指物。)步骤二：确定先行词在从句中所作的成分。先行词the book在后面的定语从句中作laid的宾语，因此选择指物的关系代词which/that作宾语。步骤三：确定关系代词的人称和数。在此处由先行词the book可知是第三人称单数，如果关系代词作主语，则从句的谓语动词相应用单数。部分习题（初级）：请找出下列各句中的错误并加以改正。 1. This is the factory where we visited last week. 2. This is the watch for which Tom is looking. 3. The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two. 4. The house in that we live is very small. 5. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for plants to grow. 6. I’ve read all the books which I borrowed from the library. 7. This is the best film which I have ever seen. 8. My father and Mr. Smith talked about things and persons who they remembered in the country. 9. Everything which we saw was of great interest. 10. His dog, that was now very old, became ill and died. 11. The reason which he didn’t go to school is that he was ill. 12. Those who wants to go with me put up your hands. 13. The boy, his mother died last year, studies very hard. 14. I have two sisters, both of them are doctors. 15. We’re going to visit the school where your brother works there. 16. He is the only one of the students who have been invited to the English Evening. 17. That is the way which they work. 18. Those have questions can ask the teachers for advice. 19. Who is the man who has white hairs? 20. I will never forget the days which we had a good time together at the sea.1．This is the best factory ____we visited last year . A. where B. which C. in which D. that2.Is this the factory ____computers are built ? A. that B. which C. in which D. in that3.please pass me the dictionary ____cover is red .A. whose B.its C. which D. which of4.The man ____has arrived . A. whom I told you B. that I told you C. whom I told you about him D. I told you about5. Do you know the comrade ____we are talking ? A. to whom B. to who C. whom D. to that6. They visited the house ___the great writer was born . A. from where B. in which C. which D. in where7. The comrade ___is speaking at the meeting is my teacher . A. whom B. which C. who D. whose8. He asked us to watch carefully everything ___he did in class . A. who B. that C. what D. where9. I’ll visit the professor tomorrow ,___he will be back from Shanghai . A. who B. that C. when D. which10.The school ___I study is a new one . A. on which B. at where C. on that D. at which11. China has many islands,____the largest is Taiwan . A. in which B. at which C. which D. of which 12. The city ____my mother grew up is not far from here . A. what b. where C. that D. which13. Our teacher lives in the house ____door faces to the north . A. which B. his C. that D. whose14. Do you know the man ___your father nodded ? A. whom B. to whom C. to who D. about whom15.Wresting is a sport in ___people easily get hurt . A. that B. when C. which D. what16. I told you ____I know . A. all that B. all which C. all what D. all whom17.China has a lot of famous writers ,one ___is Lu Xun . A. of which B. of whom C. of who D. of them18. Is this factory ____we visited last year ? A. in which B. around that C. whom D. the one19. Who is the man ____was there ? A. who B. which C. that D. whom20. Is there anything ____I can do for you, sir ? A. that B. which C. whose D. who21. I still remember the day ____she first wore that green dress . A. which B. in which C. on that D. on which22. The knife ____we used to cut the bread is very sharp . A. with which B. with it C. with that D. which23. The games ____the young men competed in were difficult . A. in which B. which C. it D. who 答案与部分解析: 1. where→that/which或去掉where。 2. 把for放在looking之后。英语中,有些短语动词,介词或副词不可与动词相分离。又如:look after, run into等。 3. who→whom。尽管在口语中who, whom都能作宾语,但在介词后只能用whom。 4. that→which。 5. that→which。that不可以引导非限制性定语从句。 6. which→that或去掉which。当先行词被all, every, no,some, any, little等修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。 7. which→that或去掉which。当先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级或the only,the very等所修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。 8. who→that。如果先行词既指人又指物时,常用that引导定语从句。 9. which→that或去掉which。当先行词为something, anything,everything, nothing, all等时,常由that引导定语从句。 10. that→which。 11. which→why/which前加for或去掉which。 12. wants→want。定语从句中谓语动词的数应与先行词一致。 13. his→whose。 14. them→whom或both前加and。 15. 去掉there。 16. have→has。当one of+名词复数作先行词时,从句的谓语用复数;但是当one前有the (only)时,从句谓语要用单数。 17. which→that/which前加in或去掉which。 18. Those后加who。 19. 第二个who→that。当主句是以who 或which开头的疑问句时, 定语从句常用that 引导, 以避免重复。 20. which→when或which前加in。Key:1-5DCCDA 6-10 BCBCD 11-15 DBDBC 16-20 ABDCA 21- 23 DAB 本回答由网友推荐