英语句子成分划分用什么符号(如___,~~~,≡等)

英语句子成分划分如下图：句子的组成部分，包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、补语七种主语是句子叙述的主体，跟汉语主语是一样的。谓语说明主语所发出的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语由动词来承担。宾语是动作的对象或承受者，常位于及物动词或介词后面。宾语可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句等来担任。扩展资料依据其在句中繁简程度可把谓语分为简单谓语和复合谓语两类。不论何种时态，语态，语气，凡由一个动词（或动词词组）构成的谓语都是简单谓语。例如：I like walking.（一般现在时主动语态）我喜欢步行。I made your birthday cake last night. （一般过去时主动语态）我昨晚做好了你的生日蛋糕。It is used by travelers and business people all over the world. （一般现在时被动语态）它被全世界旅行者和商业人员使用。复合谓语也可分为两种情况：1、第一种是由情态动词，助动词+不带to的动词不定式构成的复合谓语：What does this word mean?这个词是什么意思?2、第二种是由连系动词+表语构成的复合谓语。例如：You look the same.你看起来一样。

在英文当中句子成分分别是：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、补语、状语，划分如下图所示句子的组成成分叫句子成分，也叫句法成分。在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。主语就是由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、短语和句子来充当的，它是句子所要描述人或事物，通常来说位于句首。谓语是用来陈述或说明主语的动作或状态，通常放在主语的后面，它有人称、数、时态和语态的变化。谓语还可以分为简单谓语和复合谓语。宾语一般是由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词和句子等来充当的，用来表示动作所涉及的对象，位于及物动词的后面。扩展资料：主语和谓语是英语句子的两大成分，除少数句子（如祈使句和感叹句等）外，一句话必须同时具有主语和谓语所表达的意思才能完整。主语是针对谓语而言的，是一句话的主题，谓语用来说明主语的情况，为主语提供信息。例如：They are working.主语是they（他们），没有谓语are working 是不行的。在正常情况下，英语的主语和谓语的位置与汉语一致，也就是说主语在前，谓语紧跟其后。 本回答被网友采纳

没有固定的模式，为了方便理解，可以和语文里句子成分的划分符号一样。英语老师上课用的句子成分符号都不尽相同，如我就这样来用：划分符号(没有统一规定,仅供参考)主语： 双横线 定语：( )谓语： 单横线 状语：[ ]宾语： 波浪线 宾补：〈 〉 表语： 双波浪线 本回答被提问者采纳

主语： 双横线 定语：( ) 插入语：/ /谓语： 单横线 状语：[ ]宾语： 波浪线 补语：< >表语： 双波浪线 同位语：{ }

主语：..(着重号）定语：( ) 谓语： 单横线 状语：[ ] 宾语： 波浪线宾补：〈 〉表语： 双波浪线

主语：1、定义：陈述或说明的对象的语言单位。2、特点：A、经常由名词、代词、名词性短语充当。B、一般表示谓语所说的是“谁”或“什么”。3、符号：双横线 谓语：1、定义：说明陈述或说明的对象的语言单位。2、特点：A、经常由动词、形容词充当。 B、一般表示主语“怎么样”或“是什么”。3、符号： 单横线 宾语：1、定义：表示谓语动词的涉及对象的语言单位。2、特点：A、经常由名词、代词、名词性短语充当。B、一般表示谓语“怎么样”或“是什么”。3、符号：～～～～4、凡能原动词，如“希望、想、可以、说”等词后面的一般都作宾语处理。 定语：1、定义；用在主语和宾语前面，起修饰和限制作用的语言单位。2、特点：A、经常由名词、形容词、动词、代词充当。B、一般定语与中心词之间有“的”字连接。 3、符号：小括号（ ） 状语：1、定义：用在动词、形容词谓语前，起修饰和限制作用的语言单位。 2、特点：A、经常由副词、形容词、动词、表示处所和时间的名词和方位词充当。B、一般状语与中心词之间有“地”字连接。3、符号：中括号〔 〕 补语：1、定义：谓语后面的附加成分，对谓语起补充说明作用，回答“怎么样”、“多久”、“多少”（时间、处所、结果）之类问题的语言单位。 2、特点：A、经常由动词、形容词副词充当。B、一般补语与中心词之间有“得”字连接。3、符号：单书名号〈 〉 一般完整的句子成分的排列为： 定语（修饰主语）主语 状语 谓语 补语 定语（修饰宾语）宾语 句子成分符号：主语 ：双横线 谓语 ：单横线 宾语 ～～～～ 定语（ ） 状语 [ ] 补语 < >例：[每当有外地人来]，(好客)的天津人[总]是<眉飞色舞地谈起>了(天津)的小吃<有多么地道>。“天津人”是主语，“是”是谓语。符号打不上

（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如： During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词） We often speak English in class.（代词） One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词） To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式） Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词） The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词） When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句） It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下： 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practices running every morning. 2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。如：We are students.（四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如： Our teacher of English is an American.（名词） Is it yours?（代词） The weather has turned cold.（形容词） The speech is exciting.（分词） Three times seven is twenty one?（数词） His job is to teach English.（不定式） His hobby（爱好）is playing football.（动名词） The machine must be out of order.（介词短语） Time is up. The class is over.（副词） The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句）（五）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如： They went to see an exhibition（展览）yesterday.（名词） The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.（代词） How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（数词） They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（名词化形容词） He pretended not to see me.（不定式短语） I enjoy listening to popular music.（动名词短语） I think（that）he is fit for his office.（宾语从句） 宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），例如：Lend me your dictionary, please.（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如：They elected him their monitor.（六）宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。例如：His father named him Dongming.（名词）They painted their boat white.（形容词）Let the fresh air in.（副词）You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.（不定式短语）We saw her entering the room.（现在分词）We found everything in the lab in good order.（介词短语）We will soon make our city what your city is now.（从句）（七）定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以下等成分表示： Guilin is a beautiful city.（形容词） China is a developing country; America is a developed country.（分词） There are thirty women teachers is our school.（名词） His rapid progress in English made us surprised.（代词） Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.（不定式短语） The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.（动名词） He is reading an article about how to learn English.（介词短语）（八）状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。可由以下形式表示： Light travels most quickly.（副词及副词性词组） He has lived in the city for ten years.（介词短语） He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.（不定式短语） He is in the room making a model plane.（分词短语） Wait a minute.（名词） Once you begin, you must continue.（状语从句） 状语种类如下： How about meeting again at six?（时间状语） Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.（原因状语） I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.（条件状语） Mr Smith lives on the third floor.（地点状语） She put the eggs into the basket with great care.（方式状语） She came in with a dictionary in her hand.（伴随状语） In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.（目的状语） He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.（结果状语） She works very hard though she is old.（让步状语） I am taller than he is.（比较状语）练习一一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!5. They went hunting together early in the morning.6. His job is to train swimmers.7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.8. There is going to be an American film tonight.9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.10. His wish is to become a scientist.11. He managed to finish the work in time.12. Tom came to ask me for advice.13. He found it important to master English.14. Do you have anything else to say?15. To be honest; your pronunciation is not so good.16. Would you please tell me your address?17. He sat there, reading a newspaper.18. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.19. He noticed a man enter the room.20. The apples tasted sweet.二、用符号划出下列短文各句中的主语（—）、谓语（＝）、宾语（～）：I hope you are very well. I'm fine, but tired. Right now it is the summer vacation and I'm helping my Dad on the farm. August is the hottest month here. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark. Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat. We have a lot of machines on the farm. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him. But he employs more men for the harvest. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden. It doesn't often rain in the summer here. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden. Every evening we pump water from a well. It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden.三、用符号划出下列短文各句中的定语（—）、状语（＝）、补语（～）：Most Saturday evenings there is a party, even at harvest time. These parties often make us very happy. We cook meat on an open fire outside. It's great! Americans eat a lot of meat — too much in my opinion. Some of my friends drink beer. I don't, because I have to drive home after the party. In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the States. There are five different time areas in the States. In my state we are fourteen hours behind Beijing time. How many different time areas do you have in China? Well, I must stop and get some sleep. Please give my best regards to your parents. 四、选择填空：( )1. ____ will leave for Beijing.A. Now there the man B. The man here nowC. The man who is here now D. The man is here now( ) 2. The weather ____.A. wet and cold B. is wet and cold C. not wet and cold D. were wet and cold( ) 3. The apple tasted ____.A. sweets B. sweetly C. nicely D. sweet( ) 4. He got up ____ yesterday morning.A. lately B. late C. latest D. latter( )5. The actor ______at the age of 70.A. dead B. died C. dyed D. deaded( )6. ____ were all very tired, but none of ____ would stop to take a rest.A. We, us B. Us, we C. We, our D. We, we( )7. He found the street much ______.A. crowd B. crowding C. crowded D. crowdedly( ) 8.I think _____necessary to learn English well.A. its B. it C. that D. that is( ) 9. The dog ____ mad.A. looks B. is looked C. is being looked D. was looked( )10.I will never forget the day ______ I joined the army.A. that B. when C. in which D. where练习一：一、1、主语，定语；2、间接宾语；3、谓语，状语；4、定语；5、状语，状语；6、定语，表语；7、宾语，状语；8、谓语，主语；9、谓语；10、主语，表语；11、谓语，宾语；12、状语；13、形式宾语，真正宾语；14、宾语、定语；15、插入语，状语；16、宾语(间宾+直宾)；17、状语，状语；18、形式主语，表语，宾补；19、宾补；20、表语二、略三、略四、1~5 CBDBB 6~10 ACBAB练习二：一、1、简单句；2、复合句；3、简单句；4、简单句；5、并列句；6、复合句；7、并列句；8、复合句；9、简单句；10、简单句二、I hope you are very well（复合句）. I'm fine, but tired（简单句）. Right now it is the summer vacation and I'm helping my Dad on the farm（并列句）. August is the hottest month here（简单句）. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.（并列句） Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors（简单句）. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat（并列复合句）. We have a lot of machines on the farm（简单句）. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him（复合句）. But he employs more men for the harvest（简单句）. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden（简单句）. It doesn't often rain in the summer here（简单句）. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden（简单句）. Every evening we pump water from a well（简单句）. It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden（简单句）.Most Saturday evenings there is a party, even at harvest time（简单句）. These parties often make us very happy（简单句）. We cook meat on an open fire outside（简单句）. It's great（ 简单句）! Americans eat a lot of meat — too much in my opinion（简单句）. Some of my friends drink beer（简单句）. I don't, because I have to drive home after the party（复合句）. In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the States（简单句）. There are five different time areas in the States（简单句）. In my state we are fourteen hours behind Beijing time（简单句）. How many different time areas do you have in China（简单句）? Well, I must stop and get some sleep（简单句）. Please give my best regards to your parents（简单句）.三、1~5 ACADD 6~10 BCBDC 11~15 ADBCC 16~20 ABADB 21~25 DDDCD 26~30 ADDBD

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After the guests 时间状语she 主语 spent 谓语half 定语an hour 宾语cleaning the sitting room. 方式状语，修饰整个句子。客人走以后，我以什么样子的方式花掉了一个小时cleaning前面省略了一个inspend sth （in） doing sth

after the guests left 状语she 主语spent谓语half an hour状语cleaning the sitting room 补语

句点（Full Stop / Period，“.”） 问号（Question Mark，“？”） 感叹号（Exclamation Mark，“!”） 逗点（Comma，“,”） 冒号（Colon，“:”） 分号（Semicolon，“;”） 连字符（Hyphen，“-”） 连接号（En Dash，“–”） 破折号（Em Dash，“—”） 括号（Parentheses，小括号“( )”；中括号“[]”；大括号“{}”） 引号（Quotation Marks，双引号“"”；单引号“‘”） 缩写及所有格符号（Apostrophe，“‘”）一、.句点1.句点用于当一句话完全结束时。 2.句点也可以用于英文单词的缩写，如 Mrs., Dr., P.S. 等。但要注意的是当缩写的字母形成了一个单词的时候就不要使用句点。如 IBM, DNA 等。二、？问号问号要用在一个直接的问句，而不是间接的。如 How will you solve the problem？ 是正确的用法，但用在 I wonder how you will solve the problem？就不对了，应该使用句点而不是问号。另外，在客气的用语中，也是用句点而不是问号.如 Will you please give me a call tomorrow. 三、! 感叹号感叹号用于感叹和惊叹的陈述中，在商业写作中要注意感叹号的应用，因为不恰当的使用会显得突兀及不稳重。四、；分号1.与中文一样，分号用于分隔地位平等的独立子句。在某些情况下，使用分号比使用句点更显出子句之间的紧密联系，另外分号也经常与连接副词 thus, however, therefore一起使用(放在这些词语之前)。如 I realize I need exercise; however, I’ll lie down first to think about it. 2.在句子中如果已经使用过逗点，为了避免歧义的产生，就用分号来分隔相似的内容。如 The employees were Tom Hanks, the manager; Jim White, the engineer; and Dr. Jack Lee.

连词和系动词大部分时候在句子中间，所以用不着符号。引导词大部分时候在句子前面，所以也用不着什么符号。插入语应该就放在小括号里吧，其实很随便的。

引导词大多用在句子成分较复杂的语句当中，如：表因果关系so，转折关系but等。还有一部分用在含有从句的句子中，如条件状语从句if,wether，时间状语从句when,while等

应该没有特殊的符号吧，语文里倒是有的，什么一横线，两横线，波浪线，圈圈，你如果想读懂语句，那你只要划的自己认得出来就好啦。