09月22日, 2014 132次
Unit 1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTINGArt is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones. Starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages(5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artistof this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. The Renaissance(15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they coule decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence,oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. Impressionism(late 19h to early 20th century) In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal,from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worke in Paris. The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. They were eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day. However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters. At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very angry about it. They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous. Modern Art(29th century to today) At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepeted as the beginning of what we call “modern art”. This is because the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways. There are scores of modern art styles,but without the Impressionists, many of these painting styles might not exsist. On the one hand, some modern art is abstract; that is, the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates n certain qualities of the object, using colour, line and shape to represent them. On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs. These styles are so different. Who can predict what painting styles there will be in the future?
选修6 第一单元的全给你了。选修6 Unit 1 Art-ReadingA SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. The Renaissance (15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values graduallv replaced those held in the Middle Ages.People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the roles of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century) In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal. from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes. Naturally, these changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris. The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. They were eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day. However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters. At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very angr about it. They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous. Modern Art (20th century to today) At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we call "modem art". This is because the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways. There are scores of modern art styles, but without the Impressionists, many of these painting styles might not exist. On the one hand, some modem art is abstract; that is, the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates on certain qualities of the object, using colour, line and shape to represent them. On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs. These styles are so different. Who can predict what painting styles there will be in the future?THE BEST OF MANHATTAN’S ART GALLERIES The Frick Collection (5th Avenue and E.70th Street) Many art lovers would rather visit this small art gallery than any other in New York. Henry Clay Frick, a rich New Yorker, died in 1919, leaving his house, furniture and art collection to the American people. Frick had a preference for pre-twentieth century Western paintings, and these are well-represented in this excellent collection. You can also explore Frick's beautiful home and garden which are well worth a Visit. Guggenheim Museum(5th Avenue and 88th Street) This museum owns 5,000 superb modern paintings, sculptures and drawings. These art works are not all displayed at the same time. The exhibition is always changing. It will appeal to those who love Impressionist and Post-Impressionist paintings. The Guggenheim Museum building is also world-famous. When you walk into gallery, you feel as if youwere inside a fragile, white seashell. The best way to see the paintings is to start from the top floor and walk down to the bottom. There are no stairs just a circular path. The museum also has an excellent restaurant. Metropolitan Museum of Art (5th Avenue and 82nd Street) The reputation of this museum lies in the variety of its art collection. This covers more than 5,000 years of civilization from many parts of the world, including America, Europe, China, Egypt, other African countries and South America. The museum displays more than just the visual delights of art. It introduces you to ancient ways of living. You can visit an Egyptian temple, a fragrant Ming garden, a typical room in an 18th century French house and many other special exhibitions. Museum of Modern Art (53rd Street, between 5th and 6th Avenues) It is amazing that so many great works of art from the late 19th century to the 21st century are housed in the same museum. The collection of Western art includes paintings by such famous artists as Monet, Van Gogh, Picasso and Matisse. A few words of warning: the admission price is not cheap and the museum is often very crowded. Whitney Museum of American Art (945 Madison Avenue, near 75th Street) The Whitney holds an excellent collection of contemporary American painting and sculpture. There are no permanent displays in this museum and exhibitions change all the time. Every two years, the Whitney holds a special exhibition of new art by living artists. The museum also shows videos and films by contemporary video artists.
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你可以看看教材帮高中英语选修六人教版，翻译帮的部分有词汇积累，课后单词表里百分之八九十的单词都有。希望可以帮到你。 本回答被网友采纳
哎 找啊找不到 有个词组的很有用啊! 1．near the fireplace 在火炉旁 2．sit down 坐下 3．jump up 跳起来 4．be angry with sb. 跟某人生气 5．get into the room through the window 从窗户进入房间 6．have lessons 上课 7．have to 必须，不得不 8．be wet through 全部湿透 9．on one's back 在某人的背上 10．read through the newspaper 通读报纸 11．be cold and hungry 又冷又饿 12．next morning 第二天早晨 13．make sth. for sb. 为某人做… 14．buy sth. for sb. 为某人买东西 15．help sb．with sth. 在某方面帮助某人 help sb．(to) do sth．帮助某人做某事 16．run out of the house 跑出房间 17．keep sth. 保留东西 18．keep oneself clean 保持个人卫生 19．a bit cheapcr 便宜一点儿 20．hand sth．to sb. 把某物递给某人．hand in sth．to sb．上交某人某物 21．put up one's hand 举手 22．put on 穿上 take off 脱下 23．jump up 跳起 24．be ready to do sth 淮备做某事 25．all kinds of 各种各样 26．show sb. sth. 向某人展示某事 27．begin to do sth．开始做某事 28．make…from 用……制作 29．be back soon 一会儿就回来 30．in one's hand 在手里 31. again and again 一次又一次 32．wait a moment 等一会 33．have no money 没钱 34．come back withouu the coat 没有穿衣服回来 35．understand his kind father 理解他好心的父亲 36．be afraid 害怕 37．a map of Beijing (China , the world) 一张北京地图 38．at the end of this class 这节课结束 39．Sorry to trouble you. 对不起给你找麻烦了。 40．No trouble at all．没有一点儿麻烦。 41．football team 足球队 42．play against 对赛 43．a good player 一名好远动员 44．be very exciting 令人兴奋的 45．the first half of the match 上半场，前半场 46．pass sth. to sb 把某物递给某人 47．run very fast 跑的很快 48．get into the goal (把球)射进球门 49．be very excited (人)感到兴奋 50．the result of the match 比赛结果 51．invite sb. to a big dinner 邀请某人就餐 52．near the end of the match 比赛快要结束 53．catch the ball 接住球 54. pass the hospital 路过医院 55．pass sb．sth．把某物递给某人 56．pass the maths exam 数学考试及格 57．a famous play 著名戏剧 58. put on a short play 上映短剧 59. get longer and longer 天变得越来越长 60. get dark 天黑 61．get some letters from my friends 收到朋友的来信 62. get the news 得到消息 63. get to the station 到达车站 64．get home 到家 get there 到达哪儿 65．have got 有 66．get on well with sb．和某人相处的很好 67．the right answers 正确答案 68．both her parents 她的父母双方 69．both of them 他们中两个人 70．on both sides of the street 在马路两旁 71．in both hands 在双手里 用双手 72．move over to the table 到桌前就餐 73．prepare so much delicious food 准备很多丰盛食物 74．help oneself to sth. 自便，随便吃 75．a team from a country school 一支来自农村的球队(运动员) 76．1ook like看起来像 77．one of the boys 男孩中一个 78．a boy in a dirty T-shirt 一个穿着脏T恤衫的男孩 79．stop the passs 阻止传球 80．turn to shoot 转过来投球 81．get two more points 又得了两分 82．in a minute 过了一会儿 83．be all over 全场结束 84．a little better 好一点儿 85．learn a more important lesson 上了一节更重要的课 86．stay in bed for another two days 再跟床上呆两天 87．one by one 一个一个 88．about school life in England 关于英国学校生活 89．wear a new dress at the party 在聚会(上)穿一条新裙子 90．work by day and study by night (在)白天工作晚上学习 9t．by this time tomorrow 不迟于明天这个时间 92．fly from Beijing to New York 从北京飞到纽约 93．go to school from Monday to Friday 从周一到周五上学 94．three weeks from today 今天算起还有三个星期 95．live far away from the school 住在离学校很远的地方 96. come from=be from 来自于 97．get a letter from my friend 收到我的朋友一封信 98. like some more fish 喜欢再吃一些鱼 99. thank sb. for …为…而感谢某人 100．go to the hill with sth. 带着东西上山 101．come to the top of the hill 来到山顶 101. stay here 呆在这儿 102．a good place 一个好地方 103．go faster and faster 走得越来越快 105．more and more children 越来越多的孩子 106．come along＝come with sb．跟上来 107．race down the hill 比赛跑到山下 108．skate on the lake 在湖上滑冰 109．come on 跟(某人)来 快点、加油 110．put sth. under the tree 把某物放在树下 111．just then 正在那时 112．come off 脱离开 113．go off 走开 114. a good lake for skating 适合滑冰的湖 115．be ready for=get ready for prepare for 为…做准备 116．run back up the hill 跑回到山上 117．look out = be careful 当心，小心 118．go over复习功课，走过去 119．run down the hill 跑下山 120．go on skating over the lake 在湖上继续滑冰 121．go round and round 一圈一圈的走 122．come back to sb. 返回到某人处 123．come up to sb．向某人那里走来 124．as…as 与…一样 125．so…that 如此…以至 126．too…to 太…以至于不能… 127．on Friday afternoon 在星期五下午 128．turn right 向右拐 129．and so on 等等 130．need a lot of things 需要很多东西 131．It's time for sth. (for+n)=It's time to do sth. 该…时间了 132．study hard to get ready for 努力学习为…作准备 133．study hard at English 努力学习英语 134．stop sth. 停止某事 拦住某物 135．stop to do sth. 停下来再做某事 136．stop doing sth．停止做某事 137．not at a11 一点都不 133．stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 139．wait for sth. (sb) 等(车，人) 140．several people 几个人 141．go back home on foot 步行(返)回到家 142．go into the room quietly 静静的走进屋 143．become a doctor 成为一名医生 144．finish sth. 完成某事 finish doing sth．做完某事 145．at about seven this morning 今天早晨大约七点钟 146．half an hour 半小时 147．an hour and a half 一个半小时 148．play football 踢足球 149．p1ay the piano 弹钢琴 150．pass…on 把…传递给 151．fall into the lake 跌入湖中 152．aIl the children 所有的孩子们 153．go round the lake 围绕这湖走 154．look for寻找 155．call again and again (再三)反复叫喊 156. go out to walk on the thin ice 出去在薄冰上走 157．as well as 除…之外 158．get to the road 到达公路 159．call out to sb. 对某人大声的叫喊 160. get sb. out 把某人救出来 161．try to do sth. 尽力做某事 162．get a long ladder 拿来一架长梯子 163．run along the road 沿着马路跑 164．a big house 一间大的房子 165. go into the house 走进那间房子 166．come out with sth．拿着某物出来 167．hurry up 赶紧 168．go back to the lake with sth. 拿着某物返回到湖边 169. put the ladder down 把梯子放倒 170．look round 向四周看 171. go slowly along the ladder 沿着梯子缓慢的爬行 172．in the hole 在洞里 173．as soon as 一...就... 174．wet through 全湿透了 175. get hold of the ladder 抓住梯子 176．start pulling sth. back 开始住回拉 177．go home 回家 178．be late for 晚了，迟到 179. get slowly off the ladder 从梯子上缓慢的下来 180．help each other 互相帮助 181．heIp sb．a lot in learning English 在英语学习方面帮助某人很多 182．carry these boxes into the classroom 把这些箱子搬运到教室里 183．clearn the classroom 打扫教室 184．look at the colorful lights over your head 看你头上的彩灯 185．fly over the mountain 飞越过山顶 186．all over the world 遍及世界 187．over one hundred people 一百多人 188．rush out of the classroom 冲出教室 189．plant many trees round the school 围绕学校种了许多树 190．look after 照顾 191. look at 看 192．look out of the window 向窗外看 193．look worried 看上去很焦急 194．look up the word in the dictionary 查字典 195．develop into a modern city 发展成一个现代化城市 196．in the centre of Beijing 在北京市中心 197．in the past在过去 198. declare the founding of the new China 宣布新中国成立 199．have a wonderful view of the city 拥有—个美丽的城市风景 200．stand on top of the hill 站在山顶 201. 7，300 seven thousand and three hundred 202．4，304 four thousand, three hundred and four 203．56，432 fifty-six thousand，four hundred and thirty-two 204．768，321 seven hundred and sixty—eight thousand, three hundred and twenty-one 205．1，768，321 one million，seven hundred and sixty-eight thousand，three hundred and twenty-one 206．Bejing is capital of the People's Republic of Republic of China.北京是中华人民共和国首都 207．on October the first, nineteen forty-nine 在1949年10月1日 208．to the north of位于…北部 209．at a quarter past seven 七点一刻 210．talk about his past 谈论关于他的过去 211．go to see a film with his parents 和他的父母一起去看电影 212．at the headmaster's office 在校长办公室 213．almost a year 几乎一年 214．the classroom of C1ass Five，Grade Three 三年级五班教室 215．three of the students in this class 这个班的三名学生 216．a piece of cake 一块蛋糕 217．a telephone number 电话号码 218．be glad to see sb．高兴见到某人 219．speak to sb. in such a way 用这种方法对某人讲话 220．come in with some test papers in one's hand 手里拿着一些试卷走进教室 221．one of the largest squares 最大的广场之一 222．in the world 在世界上 223．on the west side of the square 在广场的西部 224．in the centre of the square 在广场中央 225．the afternoon of Monday 星期一下午 226．especially on holidays 特别在假日 227．most of them 他们中许多人 228．on fine days 在晴天，在好天 229．take pictures 照相 230．from east to west 从东到西 231．far from 遥远，很远 232．full of 充满 233．agree with sb.同意某人意见 234．turn back to 返回到,插回 109
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